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  1. Other autacoids

    The pharmacology and clinical impact of histamine and serotonin have been described above. This section will focus on other clinically important autacoid molecules.

    Autacoids release can be triggered by agents including chemical and immune irritants, UV light, bacterial toxins and physical trauma.

    Whilst histamine mediates the wheal, flare and redness reactions, the prostaglandins mediate pain.

    efaccena - 29/03/2016 - 1:12pm

  2. Antisecretory drugs

    In the gastrointestinal system, anti-secretory drugs are used to decrease acid secretion in the stomach.

    Drug families include:

    Histamine H2 receptor antagonists are used to treat functional dyspepsia and to promote healing of NSAID-associated ulcers e.g. cimetidine and famotidine.

    smaxwell - 10/10/2014 - 9:01am

  3. Peptic ulcer disease

    Gastric and duodenal ulcers are subtypes of peptic ulcers. They are characterised by erosion of the epithelial layer of the gastric or duodenal mucosa, which causes upper abdominal pain. Less frequent symptoms include dyspepsia and nausea. Gastro-intestinal perforation and haemorrhage are serious (possibly life-threatening) complications of peptic ulcer disease.

    Two very common causes of peptic ulcer disease, which can occur independently or together, are Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

    efaccena - 06/02/2023 - 2:06pm

  4. Steroid hormones

    Steroid hormones can be grouped into 2 classes: corticosteroids (typically made in the adrenal cortex) and sex steroids (typically made in the gonads or placenta).

    efaccena - 29/03/2016 - 1:11pm