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  1. Arrhythmias

    The normal heart beats regularly at 60–100 beats per min (bpm), which is controlled by the sinoatrial (SA) node located in the right atrium. Tachycardia describes a heart that beats more rapidly (>100 bpm). Bradycardia describes a situation where the heart beats more slowly (<60 bpm). Electrical signals generated in the SA node travel through a conduction pathway in the wall of the atria (causing atrial contraction) before reaching and depolarising the AV node.

    efaccena - 15/03/2022 - 12:40pm

  2. Neurotransmitters

    Synaptic transmission relies on local synthesis, and release of neurotransmitter molecules at the synapse, binding of the neurotransmitter to its cognate post-synaptic receptor(s) and inactivation/removal of the neurotransmitter from the synaptic space to terminate the activation.

    efaccena - 29/03/2016 - 1:09pm

  3. nootropic

    Nootropics are drugs, dietary supplements, or other substances that are used by healthy individuals to improve cognitive function. Nootropics are also known as smart drugs or cognitive enhancers. Widely used nootropics include stimulants such as caffeine, and the ADHD drug methylphenidate (a norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor).

    efaccena - 15/03/2016 - 3:17pm

  4. Toxicology

    Clinical toxicology focuses on the adverse effects of chemical substances on humans, and the treatments that are available once exposure to toxins (produced naturally by an organism) or toxicants (including man-made substances) has been diagnosed.

    This module offers concise summaries of commonly abused substances, their effects, and classifications.

    Each topic provides learners with foundational knowledge needed to make informed decisions and effectively contribute to addressing substance abuse challenges.

    The structure of the module includes the following:

    media - 23/05/2014 - 2:14pm

  5. Drug metabolizing enzymes

    Cytochrome P450 enzymes are the main drug metabolising enzymes (xenobiotic inactivators) in humans, and these are the primary contributors to Phase I oxidative metabolism of drugs and other chemicals.

    efaccena - 08/03/2016 - 9:21am