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  1. Heart failure

    Heart failure (HF) is caused by the heart’s inability to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs. In response, the body activates compensatory mechanisms, such as the sympathetic nervous system which leads to tachycardia, sodium and water retention, vasoconstriction, and over time, ventricular hypertrophy, all geared towards increasing cardiac output. Leading causes of HF are coronary artery disease and hypertension.

    efaccena - 11/03/2019 - 11:56am

  2. Hypertension

    Elevated blood pressure (BP) is the product of increased cardiac output (CO) and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR). Increased CO may result from increased fluid volume from excess sodium intake or renal sodium retention, stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), or activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Functional constriction or structural hypertrophy of the vasculature increases PVR. Both result from excess stimulation of the RAAS, SNS overactivity, genetic alterations of cell membranes, or endothelial-derived factors.

    efaccena - 06/05/2019 - 1:49pm

  3. Cardiovascular peptides

    Many vasoactive peptides are implicated in vascular (patho)biology.

    efaccena - 07/03/2016 - 2:07pm

  4. Drugs acting on the kidney (3) 2017-18

    This is a slide set (13 slides) covering osmotic diuretics and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. It also discusses aldosterone and vasopression activity in the kidney, as well as the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors. The final slides discuss gout and the mechanisms employed by current anti-gout medications. It is an updated version for the 2017-18 academic year. Provided by Prof. JA Peters, University of Dundee School of Medicine.

    efaccena - 10/07/2018 - 9:48am

  5. General overview of the RAAS system: Cells and hormones

    This 15-minute animated, narrated video describes the components and pathways involved with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The role of the RAAS and its regulation of blood pressure is also discussed. Suitable for beginners.

     Author: Rishi Desai, Khan Academy

    efaccena - 06/05/2019 - 1:36pm

  6. Steroid hormones

    Steroid hormones can be grouped into 2 classes: corticosteroids (typically made in the adrenal cortex) and sex steroids (typically made in the gonads or placenta).

    efaccena - 29/03/2016 - 1:11pm

  7. Endocrine peptides

    Endocrine peptides are the proteinaceous subset of the hormones produced by the glands of the endocrine system. The major endocrine glands include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus, gastrointestinal tract and adrenal glands. Endocrine hormones regulate a vast array of bodily functions including metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood.

    efaccena - 07/03/2016 - 2:09pm

  8. Role of inotropic drugs in treating congestive cardiac failure

    This video is approximately 37 minutes long and discusses the role of inotropic drugs in treating congestive heart failure with the help of concept maps/diagrams and animations.This presentation starts with an overview of pathophysiological basis of treating congestive cardiac failure (CCF). Various drugs commonly used to treat CCF are listed to show how inotropic drugs fit in the larger picture. Then, a description of the mode of action, uses and side effects of inotropic agents and their role in CCF is given in greater detail. Finally, a summary is given.

    efaccena - 05/10/2020 - 7:54am

  9. Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System (RAAS) - Short and sweet!

    This 7 minute animation reviews the important organs, hormones, enzymes and mechanisms by which the RAAS system controls blood pressure.

    efaccena - 18/02/2016 - 10:44am

  10. Renal system

    The most important physiological functions of the kidney include (i) regulating extracellular fluid volume, (ii) maintaining the concentration of electrolytes (e.g. Na+, Cl-, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+), (iii) regulating acid-base balance, (iv) excreting waste products (e.g.

    media - 23/05/2014 - 11:09am

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