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1. Diuretics

   Diuretics are particularly useful in treating the water and salt retention caused by heart failure.

   Common side effects like muscle cramps arise from the loss of too much sodium, potassium or magnesium. Prescribers should be aware of the risk of diuretic-induced hypokalaemia.

   There are three main types of diuretic, each of which works by affecting a different part of the kidneys:

   Loop diuretics- prescribed for fluid retention (oedema), particularly in the lungs. These drugs are very fast acting, but of short duration and induce dramatic water loss.

   smaxwell - 10/10/2014 - 9:03am